Faktor Prediktor Frailty Syndrome pada Pasien Hemodialisis: Analisis Status Nutrisi, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Dukungan Keluarga
Keywords:
aktivitas fisik, dukungan keluarga, frailty syndrome, hemodialisis, status nutrisiAbstract
Frailty syndrome merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang sering dialami pasien hemodialisis dan berhubungan dengan penurunan fungsi fisik, meningkatnya risiko rawat inap, serta tingginya mortalitas. Kondisi ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor yang dapat dimodifikasi, seperti status nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, dan dukungan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor prediktor frailty syndrome pada pasien hemodialisis berdasarkan status nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, dan dukungan keluarga. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 100 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien berusia ≥18 tahun, menjalani hemodialisis rutin minimal tiga bulan, mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik, serta bersedia menjadi responden dengan menandatangani lembar persetujuan (informed consent). Adapun kriteria eksklusi meliputi pasien dengan gangguan kognitif berat, mengalami kondisi akut yang memerlukan perawatan intensif, atau tidak menyelesaikan seluruh proses pengisian instrumen penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan melalui statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, regresi linear berganda, dan koefisien determinasi menggunakan IBM SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, dan dukungan keluarga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frailty syndrome baik secara parsial maupun simultan (p<0,05). Nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 52,7% menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel mampu menjelaskan variasi frailty syndrome pada pasien hemodialisis. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan status nutrisi, peningkatan aktivitas fisik, dan optimalisasi dukungan keluarga merupakan komponen penting dalam pencegahan frailty syndrome.
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