Kehidupan Remaja dalam Penjara: Tinjauan Kompleks tentang Perjuangan Kesehatan Mental di Kalangan Remaja di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan
Keywords:
kesehatan mental, lembaga pemasyarakatan, remajaAbstract
Remaja yang berada dalam tahanan berada pada periode kritis di mana berbagai masalah sering terjadi, seperti prevalensi gangguan mental di lembaga pemasyarakatan yang jauh lebih tinggi daripada populasi umum. Masalah kesehatan mental di kalangan remaja memiliki dampak besar pada kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, pendidikan, kejuruan, dan interpersonal, serta status fisik sepanjang hidup mereka. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi masalah kesehatan mental di kalangan remaja di penjara.Metode: Studi ini menggunakan metodologi tinjauan cakupan berdasarkan pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Pencarian literatur dilakukan di tiga basis data utama: PubMed, Scopus, dan ProQuest. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel teks lengkap yang ditinjau sejawat yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2010 dan 2023, ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris, dan berfokus pada populasi remaja di lingkungan penjara. Studi yang tidak memenuhi kriteria ini dikecualikan. Proses penyaringan dan seleksi dilakukan secara sistematis menggunakan tabel ekstraksi data manual yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Selanjutnya, data yang diekstrak dianalisis menggunakan analisis kualitatif tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan kategori utama yang berkaitan dengan masalah kesehatan mental di kalangan remaja yang dipenjara. Dari 14 artikel yang ditemukan, menunjukkan bahwa remaja di penjara mengalami beberapa masalah yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan mental, yaitu memiliki tingkat masalah kesehatan mental yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan populasi umum, termasuk gangguan kecemasan, depresi, PTSD (gangguan stres pascatrauma), gangguan mental, masalah perilaku, gangguan kepribadian, gangguan suasana hati, bipolar, dan pikiran bunuh diri. Temuan kami menyoroti bahwa ada banyak masalah kesehatan mental yang dialami oleh remaja yang dipenjara.
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